Injuries — fingers

Taking out splinters

Attention

  • Wood splinters (eg from mulga) common in remote areas
  • Can become infected if left in skin, especially if large
  • If deep — consider underlying structures

What you do

Very small, shallow splinters

  • If visible, attempt removal with fine tweezers
  • If splinter remains — put on drawing dressing for 1–2 days. Splinter may come out on its own

Larger splinters

  • Sit or lie person comfortably
  • Lay out dressing pack and equipment
  • Wash hands, put on sterile gloves
  • Clean site, drape with sterile towels
  • Give local anaesthetic — wait 3–5 minutes for LA to work before starting the procedure or ring block if needed
  • Spear splinter with fine needle, lever out of skin
    • OR cut skin with scalpel over length of splinter and then pull it out with forceps
    • OR if wound shallow and splinter has jagged edges that will tear the flesh if pulled back through entry site — cut opening at base of splinter, pull it through with forceps
    • Suture if needed or leave open if risk of infection and review in 3 days
  • OR if splinter under fingernail or toenail and unable to easily grasp end of splinter with tweezers — Figure 7.3
    • Use sharp scissors to cut small V shaped area out of nail over splinter — Figure 7.4
    • Pull splinter out with small forceps — Figure 7.5

Figure 7.3   

Figure 7.4   

Figure 7.5   

Taking ring off finger

Attention

If finger swollen from illness or injury — rings must be taken off to stop loss of blood supply to finger

  • If a lot of pain — ring block may be needed
  • If following methods fail — ring may need to be cut off using metal ring cutters (best) or wire cutters (if nothing else)

What you need

  • Soap or grease
  • Dental tape, fine string, mersilk
  • Paperclip or fine wire

What you do

  • Rub soap or grease finger, try to slide ring off

If that doesn't work

  • Slide paperclip or fine looped wire under ring and loop dental tape through bend. Pull one end of tape through under ring — Figure 7.6
  • Hold tape end A and wind tape end B around finger toward fingertip, covering middle joint — Figure 7.7

Figure 7.6  

Figure 7.7  

  • Hold tape end B tightly, pull tape end A straight back over ring toward fingertip, unwinding tape — Figure 7.8

Figure 7.8  

Pressure of tape wound evenly around whole finger helps to reduce swelling. Ring should slide over tape as tape unwinds

Taking out fish hooks

Attention

  • Large hooks may need surgical removal — medical consult

What you need

  • Strong string
  • Sterile gloves
  • Sterile dressing pack
    • Chlorhexidine antiseptic solution
    • Lidocaine (lignocaine) 1%, syringe and needles if needed
    • Extra 5mL syringe and 16–18G needle
    • Sterile suture set and sutures, if needed
  • Pair of wire cutters, if needed
  • Pair of pliers
  • Goggles (fish hooks can become missiles!)
  • Dressing

What you do

  • Sit or lie person comfortably
  • Clean area with chlorhexidine
  • Lay out dressing pack and equipment
  • Wash hands, don PPE including gloves and googles, put on sterile gloves
  • Clean site, drape with sterile towels
  • Give local anaesthetic — wait 3–5 minutes for LA to work before starting the procedure or if trained and competent ring block
  • Following curve of hook, push barb end of hook all the way through skin until it is easily seen — Figure 7.9

Figure 7.9  

Figure 7.10  

  • OR Loop some string or fishing line around hook where it enters skin
    • Push down on hook shank while giving firm, sharp tug on string to pull out hook — Figure 7.11. Be bold! — be careful of flying hook, keep out of its path and wear eye protection
    • OR Push 16–18G needle attached to small syringe through hook entry site so needle bevel is over barb point — Figure 7.12. Bring both needle and hook back out through entry site

Figure 7.11  

Figure 7.12  

Figure 7.13  

Figure 7.14  

  • Clean puncture sites with normal saline OR water — apply a dry dressing if required — give education on wound care