Injuries - bleeding

Summary of changes

Addition: POC blood test including INR

Medicines: Added tranexamic acid

Primary references

  1. Advanced Paediatric Life Support (2017) Blood and Fluid Therapy in Severe Haemorrhage after Trauma, Algorithms, accessed 3 October 2022.

  2. Bedri H, Ayoub H, Engelbart JM, Lilienthal M, Galet C and Skeete DA (2021) 'Tourniquet Application for Bleeding Control in a Rural Trauma System: Outcomes and Implications for Prehospital Providers', Prehospital Emergercy Care, 26(2):246-254, doi:10.1080/10903127.2020.1868635

  3. Colwell C (2021) Initial management of moderate to severe haemorrhage in the adult trauma patient, Uptodate, accessed 8 November 2021.

  4. Queensland Ambulance Service (2021) Haemorrhage control, Clinical Practice Guidelines, accessed 8 November 2021.

  5. Smith AA, Ochoa JE, Wong S, Beatty S, Elder J, Guidry C, McGrew P, McGinness C, Duchesne J and Schroll R (2019) 'Prehospital tourniquet use in penetrating extremity trauma: Decreased blood transfusions and limb complications', Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 86(1):43-51, doi:10.1097/TA.0000000000002095

  6. Spahn DR, Bouillon B, Cerny V, Duranteau J, Filipescu D, Hunt BJ, Komadina R, Maegele M, Nardi G, Riddez L, Samama CM, Vincent JL and Rossaint R (2019) 'The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: fifth edition', Critical Care, 23(1):98, doi:10.1186/s13054-019-2347-3

  7. Texas Tourniquet Study Group (2018) 'Civilian Prehospital Tourniquet Use Is Associated with Improved Survival in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Injury', Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 226(5):769-776.e1, doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.01.047

  8. Vulliamy P, Thaventhiran AJ and Davenport RA (2019) 'What's new for trauma haemorrhage management?', British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 80(5):268-273, doi:10.12968/hmed.2019.80.5.268